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- Senior Scholar, 2005-2006
Jeffrey Abramson is Professor of Law and Government and teaches in the areas of constitutional law, civil liberties, the jury, and political theory. He is the author of We, the Jury: the Jury System and the Ideal of Democracy (Harvard 2000) as well as numerous law review articles. His newest book (Minerva's Owl: The Tradition of Western Political Thought) is in press and will be available spring of 2009 (Harvard UP). Professor Abramson clerked for Rose Bird, the late Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court, and served as an assistant district attorney in Massachusetts. He has recently completed an assignment as a court-appointed jury expert for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Massachusetts. Professor Abramson teaches courses in the Department of Government in political theory.
- Faculty Fellow, 1988-1989
Professor Andre's research interests center on virtue theory, particularly in bioethics, and on the limits of the market B again, particularly as that affects health and health care. Bioethics as Practice (2002) examines the field as a lived, evolving form of professional life, characterized by complex goals and specific temptations. Her next book, tentatively titled Cosmopolitan Virtue: On Becoming Citizens of the World, looks at the specific, and possibly new, moral requirements required in the so-called global village. Other publications have addressed such questions as role morality, moral distress, and moral luck.
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- Faculty Fellow, 1987-1988
Professor Applbaum directed the graduate fellowship program from 1990 to 2009 and was acting director of the center in 2004-2005 and 2007-2009. He developed and teaches the Kennedy School's core course in political ethics. Professor Applbaum's work on political philosophy and professional ethics has appeared in Philosophy & Public Affairs, Harvard Law Review, Ethics, and Legal Theory. He has written about the ethics of executioners and of butlers, and has consulted to the government about the ethics of spies. He is the author of Ethics for Adversaries: The Morality of Roles in Political and Professional Life (Princeton University Press, 1999). Applbaum holds an A.B. degree from Princeton University and an M.P.P. and Ph.D. from Harvard. He has been a Fulbright Scholar in Jerusalem and a Rockefeller Visiting Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values.
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- Faculty Fellow, 2001-2002
Nomy Arpaly's areas of study and teaching include ethics, moral psychology, action theory, and metaethics. She received her Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1998, and has had Assistant Professorships of Philosophy at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and Rice University. Two of her recent publications are "On Acting Rationally Against One's Best Judgement" in Ethics; and "Hamlet and the Utilitarians" in Philosophical Studies. Her articles have also appeared in The Canadian Journal of Philosophy.
- Faculty Fellow, 2005-2006
Elizabeth Ashford is a lecturer in Moral Philosophy at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, having joined the department in 2001. She received her MA at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and her BA and PhD at Oxford University. Her primary research interests are in moral and political philosophy. She recently finished a contribution to UNESCO Vol. 1, Freedom from Poverty as a Human Right (Oxford University Press, forthcoming), on which she worked during her year as a Faculty Fellow at the Ethics Center. In it she argues that the theory that has come to be known as "classical utilitarianism" is, in fact, incompatible with a plausible conception of its key tenets, and that on a more plausible formulation of utilitarianism, it is much more closely allied with Kantian moral theories than it has generally been taken to be. Professor Ashford's current project is to develop a book on utilitarian and Kantian conceptions of impartiality and of rights. Other recent works include "The Demandingness of Scanlon's Contractualism,” Ethics (2003), "Utilitarianism with a Humean Face," Hume Studies, and "The Duties Imposed by the Human Right to Basic Necessities," UNESCO Vol. VII, Freedom From Poverty as a Human Right, ed. Thomas Pogge.
Oliver Avens
- Senior Scholar, 1989-1990
Professor Badaracco is a member of the Harvard Business School's General Management Area and has taught courses on strategy, general management, business-government relations, and business ethics in the School's MBA and executive programs. He is a graduate of St. Louis University, Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar, and Harvard Business School, where he earned an MBA and a DBA. He is course head for the required first-year General Management course, and teaches second-year electives on business ethics. Professor Badaracco has taught in executive programs in the United States, Japan, and several other countries. He is the author of Loading the Dice, which compares business-government relations in five countries;The Knowledge Link, which Fortune magazine selected as one of the outstanding management books of 1991, and is co-author of Leadership and the Quest for Integrity. His more recent books include Business Ethics: Roles and Responsibilities; Defining Moments: When Managers Must Choose Between Right and Right, and Questions of Character. His books have been translated into ten languages. His newest research asks what can be learned about business ethics by focusing on entrepreneurs rather than CEO's.
Professor Badaracco was a Senior Scholar in Ethics in 1989-90, and was the first tenured faculty member in ethics at the Business School. His efforts to integrate ethics teaching into the curriculum contributed in no small way to the establishment, in 2004, of the first required, full-length ethics course in the School's history. "Leadership and Corporate Accountability" focuses on the complex responsibilities facing business leaders today.
- Graduate Fellow, 2003-2004
SANDRA BADIN is an attorney in the litigation department of the Boston law firm, Proskauer Rose. While a graduate fellow at the Ethics Center, she developed her dissertation on the tensions between liberalism and multicultural accommodation in contemporary Western democracies. It asked: Does a commitment to liberal principles entail respect for cultural differences? If so, how far ought that respect to extend, and what shape ought it to take? Should it include culturally justified exemptions from otherwise valid generally applicable, law? Should it include the availability of a “cultural defense” to criminal prosecution? A right to the “free exercise of culture”? What would such a right look like? What would it include? What would be its limits? She holds a BA in political science and history from the University of Toronto, an MA in political science from York University, and an MPhil in political science from Columbia University. At Columbia, she taught western political theory and philosophy for two years. At Harvard, she has served as a teaching fellow for courses in social studies, philosophy of law, law and morality of property, and responsibilities of public action, among others.
- Faculty Fellow, 2007-2008
Daniel Baer is Visiting Assistant Professor, McDonough School of Business, Georgetown University. He was previously a project leader in the Washington, D.C. office of Boston Consulting Group, a strategic management consulting firm. He graduated from Harvard University with a degree in Social Studies and African American studies, and received an MPhil and DPhil in International Relations as a Marshall Scholar at Magdalen College, Oxford. His dissertation focused on the moral justification for individuals’ willingness to give their lives for a cause. In addition to serving corporate clients, he has been an active member of Boston Consulting Group’s social impact practice, where he has spent a significant amount of time working on public education in the U.S. and on international economic development.
- Graduate Fellow, 1995-1996
- Faculty Fellow, 2008-2009
Anne Barnhill received her PhD in Philosophy from New York University in 2008. Her dissertation, Beyond Consent, explores the place of consent in sexual morality. Her areas of specialization include normative ethics, applied ethics, feminist philosophy, and social philosophy. During the fellowship year, Barnhill will examine the ethics of manipulation within personal relationships. Anne Barnhill has been named the Edmond J. Safra Faculty Fellow in Ethics.
- Faculty Fellow, 1999-2000
Victoria Beach received a B.A. in political philosophy and economics from Yale, and an M.A. in architecture from Harvard's Graduate School of Design. As a DAAD-Fulbright scholar in Germany, she researched the political and economic influences of the architecture of Weimar housing in East and West Berlin. Professor Beach is founding director of Design Foundations, a non-profit organization promoting community service and field training opportunities for intern designers. She taught at Harvard beginning 1990, including co-teaching the Design School's first professional ethics course, "Issues in the Practice of Architecture." Professor Beach was also chairperson of Ethics Forum, the first academic colloquium of its kind for design professionals.
- Faculty Fellow, 2009-2010
Eric Beerbohm is Assistant Professor of Government and Social Studies at Harvard University. His philosophical and teaching interests include democratic theory, theories of distributive justice, political ethics, and the morality of public policy. His book manuscript, entitled "In Our Name: The Ethics of Democratic Government," considers the moral division of labor between citizens and lawmakers. He has written on the methodology of theories of distributive justice and the implications of moral uncertainty for political decision-making. During the fellowship year, he will investigate the conceptual priority of injustice. The project considers what properties make an institutional arrangement unjust - whether we have reason to develop theories of injustice independently from and prior to attempts to characterize a perfectly just social arrangement.
- Faculty Fellow, 1998-1999
Stephen Behnke is the Ethics Director at the American Psychological Association. Previously he was an instructor in psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. He was also chief psychologist on the Day Hospital Unit of the Massachusetts Mental Health Center. He received his J.D. from Yale Law School and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Dr. Behnke has published on the criminal responsibility of individuals with multiple personality disorder, and has been chosen by W.W. Norton as the editor of a multi-volume series on state mental health laws. Dr. Behnke's current research interests include how the law views the relationship between mental illness and individual autonomy, how mental health professionals identify and resolve ethical dilemmas and how clinicians view the use of coercion in treating individuals with major mental illness.
- Graduate Fellow, 2002-2003
Tal Ben-Shahar is a freelance writer and lecturer. At Harvard University, he taught the largest course at Harvard on "Positive Psychology" and the third largest on "The Psychology of Leadership" - with a total of over 1,400 students.
Ben-Shahar consults and lectures around the world to executives in multi-national corporation, the general public, and at-risk populations. Topics include ethics, happiness, self-esteem, resilience, goal setting, mindfulness, and leadership. He is the author of three books, most recently The Question of Happiness: On Finding Meaning, Pleasure, and the Ultimate Currency.
An avid sportsman, he won the U.S. Intercollegiate and Israeli National squash championships. He obtained his PhD in Organizational Behavior and BA in Philosophy and Psychology from Harvard.
- Faculty Fellow, 1994-1995
Solomon R Benatar is Professor of Medicine and Founding Director of the University of Cape Town’s Bioethics Centre (1992-). He was Professor of Medicine, Chairman of the University of Cape Town’s (UCT) Department of Internal Medicine and Chief Physician at Groote Schuur Hospital from 1980-1999 and President of the International Association of Bioethics from 2001-2003. Additional current appointments include: Visiting Professor in Public Health Sciences and Medicine at the University of Toronto (2000- ), and Director of a US NIH (Fogarty International Center) funded program for capacity building in International Research Ethics in southern Africa (2003- ), member Ethics Working Group HIV Prevention Trials Network (USA).
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- Graduate Fellow, 1991-1992
Alyssa R. Bernstein is currently an Assistant Professor at Ohio University in its Department of Philosophy. Previously she was a Fellow of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government (2000-2002), and a Graduate Fellow at Harvard’s Safra Center for Ethics (1991-92). She received her Ph.D. in Philosophy from Harvard University in 2000. In her publications Bernstein has addressed the following topics, among others: the philosophical justification of universal human rights; the moral basis of a just system of international law; the grounds and limits of state sovereignty; the justifiability of humanitarian military intervention; the implications of globalization and state disaggregation for the contractualist conception of universal human rights presented by John Rawls in his book, The Law of Peoples (1999); and Martha Nussbaum’s criticisms of Rawls’s Law of Peoples as presented in her book, Frontiers of Justice (2006). Bernstein is currently working on an account of the relation between Rawls’s Law of Peoples and Kant’s philosophy of international law. As the first Nancy Schaenen Visiting Scholar, Bernstein will spend the academic year 2007-2008 engaged in research and writing at the new Janet Prindle Institute for Ethics at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana.
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- Faculty Fellow, 1995-1996
Rajeev Bhargava is Senior Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies and the Director of its Programme of Social and Political Theory. He was formerly Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University and between 2001 and 2005, Professor of Political theory and Indian Political Thought and Head of the Department of Political Science, University of Delhi.
He has been a Senior fellow in Ethics at Harvard University, Visiting fellow of the British Academy, CR Parekh Fellow at the CSDS, Delhi, Leverhulme Fellow at the University of Bristol, Senior Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Studies, Jerusalem and was the Asia Chair at Sciences Po, Paris in the summer of 2006. His publications include Individualism in Social Science, (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992,) Secularism and its Critics ed. (OUP, New Delhi, 1998), Multiculturalism, Liberalism and Democracy, (ed. with A. Bagchi and R. Sudarshan, OUP 1999), Transforming India, (ed. With Francine Frankel et. al, OUP 2000) and Civil Society, Public Sphere and Citizenship (ed. with H. Reifeld, Sage, 2005). He is currently working on a book on Secularism. He has contributed to several international books and journals including the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy and the Oxford Handbook of Political Theory. He contributes regularly to openDemocracy. He was a consultant to the UNDP Report on Cultural Liberty and Diversity.
- Faculty Fellow, 1998-1999
Leora Bilsky is a Professor of Law at Tel Aviv University. After receiving her LL.B. from the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, she clerked for Justice Aharon Barak at the Israel Supreme Court. As a Fulbright Scholar, she attended Yale University Law School, completing her J.S.D. in 1995. Her main areas of interest are procedural law, feminist legal theory, child law, and narrative and rhetoric in law. During the Fellowship year, she pursued these directions in a book tentatively titled, The Ethics of Memory: The Struggle for Israeli Collective Identity in the Trials of the Holocaust. Her recent articles include "Giving Voice to Women: An Israeli Case Study," Israel Studies, Vol.3:2, Fall 1998 and "Kufr Qassem: Between Ordinary Politics and Transformative Politics," Adalah's Review, Vol.3, Summer 2002.
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- Senior Scholar, 2002-2003
- Faculty Associate, 2003-2005
Michael Blake is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Washington. His research focuses on social and political philosophy, with an emphasis on the relationship between social justice and group membership. He is currently writing a book on multicultural politics titled The Politics of Survival: Liberalism, Tolerance, and Multiculturalism. He has also published work on international distributive justice, international criminal adjudication, and immigration. From 1998 to 2002, he was an Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Harvard. In 2001-2002 he was a Laurance S. Rockefeller Fellow at the Center for Human Values at Princeton University. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford, his legal training from the Yale Law School, and a B.A. in Economics and Philosophy from the University of Toronto.
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- Faculty Fellow, 1992-1993
- Faculty Associate, 1986-
Derek Bok is the 300th Anniversary University Professor, University President Emeritus, and Faculty Chair of the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations. He has been a lawyer and Professor of Law, Dean of the Law School, and President of Harvard University. On July 1, 2006, he became Interim President of Harvard pending the choice of a new permanent president.
He has written six books on higher education: Beyond the Ivory Tower, Higher Learning, Universities and the Future of America, The Shape of the River, Universities in the Marketplace, and Our Underachieving Colleges. He serves as Chair of the Board of the Spencer Foundation and was formerly Chair of Common Cause. His current research interests include the state of higher education and a project sponsored by several foundations on the adequacy of the U.S. government in coping with the nations domestic problems. His two books on this subject are The State of the Nation and The Trouble with Government.
Professor Bok has a long-standing interest in the teaching of ethics. The impetus for the Center for Ethics and the Professions comes from his efforts to develop an awareness of ethical issues in teaching and research. His article "Can Ethics Be Taught?" in the October 1976 issue of Change is a seminal statement on the subject.
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Maria Bottis holds two LL.M degrees (from Cambridge University Law School and from Yale Law School). She also received an LL.B. (Rotary Award) and an honors Ph.D. in medical information law and ethics from Athens Law School, where she directed the Athens Law Review. Her Ph.D., which focused on informed consent in civil and common law, was published in February 2000. She is currently the editor of the Ionian Law Review. In the future, she hopes to establish an institute of information law and ethics in Corfu. Her main areas of interest are information law and ethics, medical law and ethics, constitutional law, torts, and feminist legal issues.
- Faculty Fellow, 1996-1997
Norman E. Bowie, Ph.D. is the current holder of the Elmer L. Andersen Chair in Corporate Responsibility at the University of Minnesota where he holds an appointment in the department Strategic Management and Organization. Dr. Bowie has held a joint position as the Dixons Professor of Business Ethics and Social Responsibility at the London Business School and the University of Minnesota (1999-2000, and spent his sabbatical in 1996-97 as a Fellow in Program in Ethics and the Professions. While at the Center he wrote. Business Ethics: A Kantian Perspective (1999)
He earned his A.B. from Bates College and his Ph.D. in philosophy at the University of Rochester.
Professor Bowie is the author or editor of 15 books and over 75 scholarly articles in business ethics and related fields. He is the Associate Editor of Business Ethics Quarterly and also is on the editorial board of The Academy of Management Review. His co-edited text Ethical Theory and Business (2004)) is in the seventh edition. The eighth edition is in press. His co-authored text in political philosophy is in its third edition with the fourth edition in press.
Dr. Bowie has served as consultant to numerous organizations and gives seminars in business ethics. For example, he is on the Board of Academic Advisors for the Business Roundtable Institute on Business Ethics He is a founder of the Society for Business Ethics in 1978 and has served as its president in 1988. His professional associations include the American Philosophical Association where he served as Executive Director from 1972-1977, the European Business Ethics Network, and the Academy of Management.
- Faculty Associate, 1999-
Allan Brandt was appointed Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in January 2008. He is also the Amalie Moses Kass Professor of the History of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and holds a joint appointment in the Department of the History of Science. His work focuses on social and ethical aspects of health, disease, and medical practices in the twentieth century United States. Brandt is the author of No Magic Bullet: A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880 (Oxford Press, 1987) and The Cigarette Century: The Rise, Fall and Deadly Persistence of the Product that Defined America (Basic Books, 2007). He has written on the social history of epidemic disease, the history of public health and health policy, and the history of human subject research, among other topics. In 1997 he was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.
Professor Brandt became a Faculty Associate of the Ethics Center in 1999.
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